My Personal Philosophy My Educational Philosophy

Starting with the Family: From the Tablet to the Table Janai Fennell (L27254994) EDUC 604-D06 Dr. Holzman Liberty University Abstract My educational philosophy can be summarized in one word â€Å"family†. Every thing can begin and end with the family. This paper examines my personal belief that a student has higher success rate in life when they have a supportive, loving family environment. The primary roles of a mother and father in today’s society are drastically lacking. These particular reasons vary from absentee fathers, overworked single mom, and/or grandparents having to assume the role of parents again. My theory starting with the family means taking an sociological route to identify a students home life and strive to provide what the student may be lacking from outside or in-house resources. The concept â€Å"From the Tablet to the Table† deviates from technology and social media that plagues our young people to around the table dinners, traditional teachings, good talks, and other verbal communication. Introduction I sustain myself with the love of family. Maya Angelou The foundation of a child’s family relationship is revealed by the way they handle social relationships, life decisions, career choices, and hard times. I choose to use the title from the Tablet to the Table, as a result of a recent commercial by brand named â€Å"Eggo†, with the catch line â€Å"leggo my Eggo†. In this commercial, the children and parents are texting each other, whileShow MoreRelatedMy Philosophy And Philosophy Of Personal Educational Philosophy1042 Words   |  5 PagesIt is true that many educators do not know what their educational philosophy is. However it is imperative for educators and future educators to know their personal educational philosophies so that they can be accountable, explain how they teach, what they are doing and why. My personal Educational philosophy is made up of four components; metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and logic. My educational Philosophy Metaphysics (reality) is a combination of realism and idealism, that the mind, spiritRead MorePersonal Philosophy : My Educational Philosophy1452 Words   |  6 Pages When I first set out to write my educational philosophy, I had absolutely no idea what to write about, to be perfectly honest. So, I thought that I would start with the most essential aspect of an educational philosophy: why do I want to become a teacher? The reason why I want to teach is because I want to be able to impact young people’s lives and help them to learn how to become successful citizens in our world. I feel that it is important that no matter what students do with their lives, theyRead MoreMy Educational Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Education1023 Words   |  5 Pages My personal philosophy of education was thought of when I was little before I really acknowledged it or knew exactly what it was. My ideas of school has been collecting for years, ever since kindergarten. Ive always thought of school as something that is important. I went to school everyday and did my work and moved on to the next thing I needed to do. I did what I was suppose to, not because I enjoyed it but because I knew I had to. School has always been kinda boring and uninterestingRead MoreMy Personal Educational Philosophy Essay866 Words   |  4 Pages Educational Philosophy Essay My personal educational philosophy is a combination of perennialism and essentialism, which leaves me uniquely well-armed to teach my subject of choice: History. History, viewed as a whole, is a monument to the achievements of Man. It is unchanging, though new aspects may be found or brought to light, and it can be viewed from many angles, it is an unchanging truth that what happened, has indeed happened. Through a thorough and guided exploration of this subject, studentsRead MoreEssay about Personal Educational Philosophy1069 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is my personal educational philosophy statement. It represents my ideas and values about teaching and learning; it reveals my personal teaching beliefs and their relation to the five major established educational philosophies; it shows my role and responsibilities in educational process. I place great significance on personal style of instruction and its influence on curriculum implementation. The paper also highlights my career a spiration and orientation. Personal EducationalRead MoreThe Educational Philosophy Of Adult Education803 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Taylor The focus of this assignment was to view the educational philosophy concerning adult learning. Background histories of the adult’s education ages ago were briefly gleaned. Other topics viewed were on the adult educational philosophy, the five educational philosophical approaches, the personal adult educational philosophy, the adult learner, developing my own adult educational philosophy, and lastly on how changes is an educational practice. However, learning does take place throughout theRead MoreEducational Philosophy Reflection1539 Words   |  7 Pagesexperience to my students. Early in the education program, Bud Stefanski posed us the question about our educational philosophy in the Foundations of Education class. When answering that question, I was 100% progressivism in my education philosophy students should only learn through hands-on experiences and not be forced to sit at a desk and absorb information (Mirah, 2013). After gaining actual classroom experience and l earning more about the influencers of curriculum, my educational philosophy has shiftedRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1476 Words   |  6 PagesPhD Personal Philosophy of Education Submitted by: Wessam Elamawy . Personal Philosophy of Education Introduction: From the very beginning of my life I recognized the importance of higher education. I am 34 years old. I am Egyptian. I was born in a highly educated family . My father earned a Ph.D. in chemistry. My uncle earned a Ph.D. in Engineering . My aunt is a doctor. My grandparents were highly educated and they were great leaders in the educational field. This shaped my personalityRead More My Philosophy of Education: Combining Progressivism, Essentialism and Behaviorism826 Words   |  4 PagesMy Philosophy of Education: Combining Progressivism, Essentialism and Behaviorism Upon being faced with the task of writing my philosophy of teaching, I made many attempts to narrow the basis for my philosophy down to one or two simple ideas. However, I quickly came to the realization that my personal teaching philosophy stems from many other ideas, philosophies, and personal experiences. I then concentrated my efforts on finding the strongest points of my personal beliefs aboutRead MoreDraft Of Personal Philosophy Statement1268 Words   |  6 Pages7-2 Final Project Milestone Three: Draft of Personal Philosophy Statement In the field of higher education, I will welcome with open arms, accept, affirm, and celebrate all students by creating an environment that is equal and inclusive for all people regardless of their race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, cultural background, religion, family structure, economic status, learning ability, linguistic ability, and/or learning style. I will create an environment that includes positive, challenging

What Are We Going About My Graduation Essay - 2151 Words

â€Å"What are we going to do! What about my graduation?† Linz repeats frantically over and over, as the daunting reality slowly sat in. Our lives daily routine kept repeating day in and day out, we’d kept delaying the solution, that would make our car stop the silent screams to get our attention. I wondered on that stressful day, when were we too late to just give in and finally listen to the clear indicators the car manufactures put in place to alert drivers when their automobiles were in needed of repair. Our procrastination landed us in the situation we found our self’s on that winter morning. Mid 2011, Linz and I got married, as well as added to our count of children when I gave birth to twins! The stress of having a family of six was slowly starting to show. We were accustomed to taking care of our eight/five-year-old children who use the bathroom without assistance, nevertheless, they could do things on their own. Now we had these new twin babies who required a lot of attention that was mainly at night, as well as double the diaper, baby clothes, and food. We quickly arrived to the realization that we HAD to do more, picking up extra hours at work was not enough. We decided we’d both attend college. Linz came into the marriage with his own vehicle; a Black 4 door, 2003 Chevy Cavalier, he called it â€Å"The Bat mobile† nevertheless it was in pristine condition. Our lives became busier with the decision for us to attend to school. Miles were accumulating on the car as more tripsShow MoreRelatedThe Day That Changed My Life Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesAric Trujillo The Day That Changed My Life For years in my life graduating from High School had been a date circled in my mind. For me graduating High School meant I could then do whatever I wanted to do without anyone telling me right from wrong. As I got older I began to realize that everything I had thought before was now totally wrong. I realized that graduating High School meant I was going to have to be more responsible there I ever had before. It now made me realize that I had to becomeRead MoreMy Theme Song Of Pink Floyd897 Words   |  4 PagesMy Theme Song For somebody who is not invested in artistic outlets, I absolutely love music. I like all kinds of music, from country to rap to today’s hits and Billboard’s Top 40. However, the only genre I will never grow tired of, and the one I have loved since a young age, is classic rock. There are a few classic rock songs that I relate so strongly to, and at times I could swear they were written just for me. No song reflects how I have felt more about my senior year though, than â€Å"Eclipse† byRead More High School Graduation Essay659 Words   |  3 PagesGraduation Epidemic My high school graduation was one of the saddest moments of my life. Although I was excited about graduating, I did not know what I was going to do with the rest of my life. In Maya Angelou’s â€Å"Graduation,† Angelou was excited and proud of all that she had accomplished. In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Late Encounter With the Enemy,† Sally Poker Sash was proud that she was finally graduating and just wanted to show that off to all the â€Å"upstarts†. In the two readings the pupils areRead MoreHome Is More Than Two Walls And A Roof890 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Home? What is home? Some people may consider home to be at their parents’ house, or their own house. It can also be a place you really like or somewhere you spend a lot of time at. You may call a lot of places home and still feel at home there. Also, you should never forget where you came from and what home means to you. Home is where I was raised. Where I played, laughed, and learned. It is where I grew up at, and where I became me. I believe that home is more than four walls and a roofRead MoreThe Most Memorable Moment In My Life966 Words   |  4 PagesFrom being born to your first step to going to school. But milestones are so much more than just a moment. Milestones are what make your life up, where you take a minute and say wow I actually did this. For me, one of my biggest milestones was high school graduation. It wasnt the actual graduation itself but the meaning behind it and what it meant for me for the rest of my life. Not only was I growing older and moving on with my life. It ends a chapter in my book with some people and continuesRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School934 Words   |  4 Pagesbad there is always something that arises out of the situation. One of the most thrilling, but yet frightening events to take place throughout someone’s life would be graduation. For many people, graduating from high school is an objective. It takes a lot of time, effort, and determination to accomplish that goal. For others graduation is the end of high school, and the beginning of a new chapter in life. When graduated people feel as if adulthood has begun. In the long run, graduating opens a lotRead MoreEssay about High School Graduation Day664 Words   |  3 PagesHigh School Graduation Day Many people have experienced the over whelming excitement that you feel as you approach high school graduation day, and for me, that’s a day that I will never forget. The amount of emotions that you feel on graduation day is unbelievable, and I have yet to experience anything else like it. I can remember feeling anxious to celebrate the big day with my friends and family, while at the same time I was panicking thinking about having to walk across the stage in frontRead MoreAn Example of a Graduation Speech653 Words   |  3 Pagesyears of writing papers, doing homework, taking an occasional pop quiz, and of course taking countless exams, it is that time that we all anticipate†¦Graduation! Purpose Statement: Since the majority of us are seniors, and graduation is a little less than a month away, I am going to provide you with some historical background information and some fun facts about graduation in order to make the occasion even more meaningful than it already is. Road Map: Most of you could probably agree that highRead MoreHigh School Graduation Speech : Family, And Seven Years Ago1593 Words   |  7 PagesHome is where your family is, and seven years ago, my â€Å"home† became Wilton Baptist Church. I had just turned twelve when my dad became the full-time pastor in Wilton, but I never thought a group of people could make me feel like I have known them forever. The past seven years has felt like a lifetime. While Wilton has an estimated seventy to eighty members, we are considered a â€Å"small† church. I realize that being small allows the members to have a stronger bond with one another that allows usRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Graduation Essay1022 Words   |  5 Pages My Graduation A Graduation ceremony is one of the major steps in life, it marks the start of new changes in our lives. It ushers us into growing up and be responsible for our actions. It marks a new dawn of embracing life experiences, cultivation of good work ethics and eventually culminates in chasing our dreams. On my graduation day, I woke up to the sweet aroma of the breakfast my sister was making. I sat down to eat when the food was ready. It took me about 2 hours to finish

Ap World Syllabus Free Essays

Advanced Placement World History Course Syllabus 2012-2013 Ms. Rebecca Layton Friendly High School Fort Washington, MD 20744 301-449-4900 Rebecca. layton@pgcps. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap World Syllabus or any similar topic only for you Order Now org Course Description: The Advanced Placement World History (APWH) course is an intensive, year long, examination of global history from the period of 8000 B. C. E. to the present. The purpose of APWH is to develop a greater understanding of the evolution of global processes and contacts, in interaction with different types of human societies. The course highlights the nature of changes in international frameworks and their causes and consequences, as well as comparisons among major societies. This course also builds an understanding of cultural, institutional and technological precedents that, along with geography, set the human stage. The course is broken down into five major periods of study. They are: ? Foundations: 8000 B. C. E. to 600 C. E. ? 600 C. E. to 1450 ? 1450 to 1750 ? 1750 to 1914 ? 1914 to the present APWH Course Themes: The APWH course is guided by six themes which will receive equal attention throughout the course: . The dynamics of change and continuity across the world history periods covered in this course, and the causes and processes involved in major changes of these dynamics. 2. Patterns and effects of interaction among societies and regions: trade, war, diplomacy and international organizations. 3. The effects of technology, economics and demography on people and the environment (population growth and decline, disease, labor systems, manufacturing, migrations agriculture and weaponry. ) 4. Systems of social structure and gender structure (comparing major features ithin and among societies, and assessing change and continuity). 5. Cultural, intellectual and religious developments, including interactions among and within societies. 6. Changes in functions and structures of states and attitudes towards states and political identities (political culture), including the emergence of nation-state (types of political organization). APWH Habits of Mind or Skills: The APWH course addresses habits of mind or skills in two categories: (1) those addressed by any rigorous history course, and (2) those addressed by a world history course. Four habits of mind are in the first category: ? Constructing and evaluating arguments: using evidence to make plausible arguments. ? Using documents and other primary data: developing the skills necessary to analyze point of view, context and bias and to understand and interpret information. ? Assessing issues of change and continuity over time, including the capacity to deal with changes as a process and with questions of causation. ? Understanding diversity of interpretations through analysis of context, point of view and frame of reference. Three habits of mind belong in the second category: ? Seeing global patterns and processes over time and space while also connecting local developments to global ones and moving through levels of generalization from the global to the particular. ? Comparing within and among societies, including comparing societies’ reactions to global process. ? Being aware of human commonalities and differences while assessing claims of universal standards, and understanding culturally diverse ideas and values in historical context. Required Materials: ? Bentley, J. and Ziegler, H. 2003). Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past. (3rd Ed. ). Boston: McGraw-Hill. ? Andrea, A. and Overfield, J. (2005). The Human Record: Sources of Global History, Volume I: to 1700. (5th Ed. ). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ? Andrea, A. and Overfield, J. (2005). The Human Record: Sources of Global History, Volume II: Since 1500. (5th Ed. ). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ? Laden, J. and Whelan, P. (2009). Kaplan AP World History . Kaplan Publishing Grading Criteria: Quarter grades will be computed according to the following factors: ? Tests/Quizzes/Essays/Projects50% ? Homework25% ? Classwork/Participation25% Conduct: Students are expected to follow all rules in this class that correspond to those stated in the Prince George’s County Code of Student Conduct. Punctuality is a necessity and tardiness to class will result in loss of participation points. Work missed because of an unexcused absence may not be made up. Work missed because of an excused absence must be made up within the week the student returns to school. It is the responsibility of the student to arrange for make up work. All assignments must be handed in on time; late work will not be accepted. Methodology: This course is conducted using a variety of methods: lecture/discussion, simulations, cooperative learning activities, presentations and independent study/research. All students are responsible for reading the assignments before coming to class so that they may actively participate. A variety of film clips and videos are also used throughout the course. Unit I: Foundations 8000 B. C. E. to 600 C. E. Week One Topics: Agricultural Revolution World Geography Geographic Determinism- Jared Diamond Discussion/Debate Readings: Course Introductions/Overview, Chapter 1 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Comparative Graphic Organizer: Early Civilization Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 1 Timed Writing: Comparative Essays on Early Civilizations Jared Diamond Take-Home Essay Weeks Two and Three Topics: Civilization Discussion/Debate Early Civilizations (Complex Societies) Economic Specialization/Trade Bantu/Aryan Migration Religion Readings: Chapter 2 (Bentley) Chapter 3 (Bentley) Chapter 4 (Bentley) Chapter 5 (Bentley) Chapter 6 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay Vocabulary Building Exercises (Ancient Civilizations) Assessments: Quiz: Chapters 2-5 Foundation Exam, Part 1: Chapters 1-6 Weeks Four and Five Topics: Classical Societies/Empires Economic Specialization/Development of Long Distance Trade Belief Systems (Religions of Salvation) Readings: Chapter 7 (Bentley) Chapter 8 (Bentley) Chapter 9 (Bentley) Chapter 10 (Bentley) Chapter 11 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Map: Greek/Roman Mediterranean Comparative Graphic Organizer: Classical Societies/Empires Comparative Graphic Organizer: Belief Systems Assessments: Quiz Chapters 7-11 Timed Writing: Document Based Question: Buddhism Weeks Six and Seven Topics: Cross-Cultural Interactions/Migrations Long Distance Trade Spread/Diffusion of Religion Spread/Diffusion of Disease Collapse of the Classical Societies/Empires Readings : Chapter 12 (Bentley) 1. 1-1. 15 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) 1. 46-1. 54 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) 1. 18-142 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments: ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline (AP Themes) Assessments: Foundations Exam, Part II: Chapters 7-12 Unit II: 600 C. E. to 1450 Week 8 Topics: Byzantium: A Survivor Society Islam: Rise and Expansion Economy and Society: Urbanization, Hemispheric Trade Readings: Chapter 13 (Bentley) Chapter 14 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity: Dar al Islam Vocabulary Building Exercises: Byzantine and Islam Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 13-14 Week 9 Topics: Restoration of Imperial Rule in China Islamic and Hindu Kingdoms Economic Development and Trade Culture and Society Readings: Chapter 15 (Bentley) Chapter 16 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Continuity-Change Over Time Graphic Organizer: Chinese Dynasties Assessments: Quiz: Chapters 15-16 Timed Writing: DBQ-The Silk Roads Week 10 Topics: Political Stability Economy and Society The Papacy Regional States and Expansion The Crusades Readings: Chapter 17 (Bentley) Chapter 20 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Comparative Graphic Organizer: European and Japanese Feudalism Mini-DBQ: The Crusades Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 17 and 20 Unit II Exam, Part I: Chapters 13-17 and 20 Week 11 Topics: Turkish Migrations and Expansion Mongol Expansion and Empire Building Readings: Chapter 18 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline (AP Themes) Vocabulary Building Exercises: Asia/Middle East Map Building Exercise: Turkish/Mongol Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 18 Timed Writing: CCOT Essay: The Mongols Weeks 12 and 13 Topics: West African Kingdoms/Empires Islamic Kingdoms/Empires Long Distance Trade: Trans-Saharan Trade/ Indian Ocean Trade Culture and Society Mesoamerican Empires Readings: Chapter 19 (Bentley) Chapter 21 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Persuasive Essay: Why/ Why Not Build Long Distance Trade Routes? Presentation: Empire Building Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 19 and Chapter 21 Quiz: Vocabulary/Map Week 14 Topics: Cross-Cultural Interactions Long-Distance Trade Crisis and Recovery Exploration and Colonization Readings: Chapter 22 (Bentley) 1. 55-1. 113 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) Major Assignments: ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline (AP Themes) Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 22 Unit II Exam, Part II: Chapters 18-22 (Excluding Chapter 20) Unit III: 1450 to 1750 Week 15 Topics: Exploration: Navigation and Motivation Colonization: Europeans to the Americas/South Asia Exchange: Transoceanic Trade Readings: Chapter 23 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity Vocabulary Building Exercises Annotated Timeline/Corresponding Essay (AP Themes) Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 23 Quiz: Vocabulary/Map Skills (Renaissance Europe) Week 16 Topics: Reformation/Counter Reformation Revival of Empire Capitalism-Expansion of Trade-Labor Systems Readings: Chapter 24 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Vocabulary Building Exercises (Reformation) Essay: Transformation of Europe Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 24 Timed Writing: DBQ-Christian and Muslim Attitudes Towards Trade Week 17 Topics: The Spanish in the Americas Colonial Society European Expansion into the Pacific Readings: Chapter 25 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline Colonization Map Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 25 Timed Writing: Comparative Essay on Labor Systems Week 18 Topics: Labor Systems in the New World-Triangular Trade African Diaspora (Demographic Impact) Abolition of Slavery Readings: Chapter 26 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Essay: The Growth of Plantations Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 26 Timed Writing: DBQ on the Abolition of Slavery Week 19 Topics: Political Stability in China (Post Mongols) Economic and Social Changes â€Å"New† Cultural Influences/Traditions Unification of Japan Readings: Chapter 28 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Comparison Graphic Organizer: Japanese and Chinese Social/Political Changes Vocabulary Building Exercises: East Asia Map Activity: East Asia Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 27 Quiz: Vocabulary/Map: East Asia Week 20 Topics: Islamic Empires Islamic Society Empires in Transition Readings: Chapter 28 (Bentley) 2. 3-2. 58 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments: ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline Middle East Map Activity Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 28 Unit III Exam, Chapters 23-26 Unit IV: 1750 to 1914 Week 21 Topics: Enlightenment and Revolution (American/French) Impact of Revolution – Latin America – Abolitionism – Women’s Rights Nationalism and the Formation of National States (Italy/Germany) Readings: Chapter 29 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Vocabulary Building Exercises: Political Upheaval Comparative Graphic Organizer: American/French Revolutions Comparative Graphic Organizer: Italian/German Nation Building Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 29 Quiz: Vocabulary Week 22 Topics: Industrialization Changing Industrial Society-Urbanization and Migration Global Impact Readings: Chapter 30 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 30 Timed Writing: CCOT Essay on the Roles of Women in East Asia, Latina America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, 1750-1914 Week 23 Topics: The Americas State Building Economic Development Society and Culture Readings: Chapter 31 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline Map Activity: U. S. Growth Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 31 Essay: Immigration and Change in the Americas Week 24 Topics: Declining Empires Ottoman’s -Russian-China Readings: Chapter 32 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity: Russia Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay: Growth and Change of Russia Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 32 Weeks 25-26 Topics: Imperialism: Building of Global Empires Motives for Empire The Scramble (Africa and Asia) New Imperial Powers Impact of Imperialism Readings: Chapter 33 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity: Imperialism Comparison Graphic Organizer: European Imperialism Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 33 Week 27 Topics: Review/Reflect/Recover Readings: 2. 40-2. 80 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments: ASPIRE Chart Vocabulary Building Exercises: Imperialism Assessments: Timed Writing: DBQ- Asian Indentured Labor in the 19th Century Unit IV Exam, Chapters 29-33 Unit V: 1914 to Present Week 28 Topics: World War I Global War Total War Impact of Versailles Readings: Chapter 34 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity: Europe WWI Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay: Causes, Impact and Fall Out of WWI Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 34 Weeks 29 and 30 Topics: Global Depression and Political Challenges Rise of Totalitarian Movements (Fascism, Communism, National Socialism Nationalism and Political Identity –Asian Autonomy –Colonial Africa Latin America Readings: Chapter 35 (Bentley) Chapter 36 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Comparative Graphic Organizer: Totalitarian Movements Comparative Graphic Organizer: Asia/Africa/Latin America Vocabulary Building Exercises: Political Systems Assessments: Quiz: Chapters 35-36 Timed Writing: CCOT Essay on Attitudes Towards Political Structures Week 31 Topics: World War II Causes and Consequences Total War Holocaust Atomic Bomb Readings: Chapter 37 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay: Causes, Impact and Fall Out of WWII Map Activity: Europe WWII/Asia Holocaust Writing Perspective Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 37 Week 32 Topics: The Cold War Emergence of Super Powers Hot Spots: Korea/Cuba/Vietnam End of Cold War Readings: Chapter 38 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Comparative Graphic Organizers: Hot Spots Annotated Timeline: Cold War Vocabulary Building Exercises: Post War Map Activity: South East Asia Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 38 Quiz: Vocabulary/Map Week 33 Topics: De-Colonization Asia-Africa-Latin America Readings: Chapter 39 (Bentley) Major Assignments: Map Activity: Africa Map Activity: Latin America Comparison Graphic Organizer: Independence Africa/Asia/Latin America Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 39 Timed Writing: DBQ-Nationalism Among Muslim Leaders Week 34 Topics: The Global Economy Cross-Cultural Exchanges and Communication Global Problems-Demography and Environment Readings: Chapter 40 (Bentley) 2. 100-2. 123, 2. 87-2. 98 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments: ASPIRE Chart Presentation: Global Economy, Cultural Interactions, Global Threats, Rights of Women or Migration Assessments: Quiz: Chapter 40 Unit V Exam, Chapters 34-40 How to cite Ap World Syllabus, Essay examples

The Shakedown free essay sample

This case portrays the widely propagated and accepted phenomena of bribes and corruption in developing countries. Specifically how it affects every sector of the Ukrainian society, therefore making it difficult for the American investors to establish companies there and to prosper solely on doing good business. The case describes the types of obstacles and ethical dilemmas being created for the investors as a result of bribery and extortion. Situation In analyzing these issues, we will first present a brief introduction to the situation. Mr. Pavlo Zhuk, a young, but already well established, entrepreneur from California, is faced with a difficult ethical business decision concerning his recently incorporated company in Kiev, Ukraine. His company, Customer Strategy Solutions, is being targeted for money extortion by UTA (Ukraine Tax Authority) officials. The UTA, represented by Laryssa Ossipivna Simonenko, claims that the company owes the government close to $16, 000 in taxes due to unfiled schedules . But this is not an ordinary visit from the UTA to his development center in Kiev. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shakedown or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Setting up his software development center in Ukraine means more to Zhuk than just business expansion to his company. He wants to make a difference. Zhuk, being himself of Ukrainian descent, sees this as an opportunity for him to invest in this country and therefore help its economy, to contribute to Ukrainian modernization by introducing new technology. He decides to train his employees in array of skills, to raise the standard of their living by providing higher salaries than the other local companies, to enable the people to buy homes, cars and consumer durables. But for Zhuk this is not the first difficulty he encountered since he started his company here. His first problem occurred when he tried to get telephone lines installed in his office. He learned firsthand how business is made in developing country, after his friend and head of the development center in Kiev, Kostya Hnatyuk, took him to Dnipro Telecom, a government-owned telecommunications utility. After meeting with Vasy l Feodorovich Mylofienko, a senior business manager at Dnipro Telecom, they were told that because of the current backlog of orders, it might take up to three years for the lines to be installed. But for a onetime fee of $5,000, they can have the software center up and running next week. 1 It was clear to Zhuk at that moment that they need to bribe Mylofienko. And although such action is in direct contradiction with Zhuk’s moral beliefs, for the sake of his company and the programmers he already hired, he decides to make that call. Zhuk realizes that if he wants to keep his company in Ukraine and to generate profit in the future, he needs to keep compromising his ethical values. He knows that it is a never-ending process, and once he bribes a government official, more will follow. All this consequently leads Zhuk to the crossroads of decision making; should he stay true to his moral beliefs, close his company and return to the United States, or, should he stay in Ukraine, pay off the bureaucrats, and therefore walk over all ethical values he has? II. Analysis In this case the dilemma facing Zhuk is harshly straight forward and evident, but the yarns that weave together to create this mess of a fabric are quite complex. Like most situations where ethics are brought under fire the lines are blurred, and a host of factors can contribute. Ethical Landscape Let’s start by acknowledging the fact that Zhuk, while having Ukrainian blood running through his veins, is inevitably American. He must realize that mere good will is not enough to sustain one’s self let alone an organization when faced with the pressures of maneuvering in an environment he is far removed from and out of touch with. After all, Zhuk is the product of parents who fled the chaos of Ukraine post World War II and embraced, with arms wide open, the culture and values of Mid-western United States. These were people who longed to be free of the ills that lay before their country and strived to expose their children to anything but. Zhuk was born into a comfortable life in California watching parents who eagerly modeled American values, was educated at the best American schools, worked for the best American technology firms, and thus learned and was comfortable with conducting business the American way. Zhuk did a poor job recognizing these differences within himself and the environment in Kiev. In Unit 2 of our management course one of the topics discussed was cultural differences and IQ, Zhuk made the ill-founded assumption that because his lineage traced back to Ukraine, he was connected to and understood the business environment. He couldn’t have been more wrong. It is only reasonable that any investor interested in starting a company in a developing nation to research and investigate the business landscape in such an unfamiliar terrain before opening up operations there. This is beneficial, as it will provide the prospective investor with important information about the business environment and practices. In particular, an investor should analyze the labor market, examine the costs of founding a company and consider the possible business ethics challenges. In our case, Zhuk needed to make certain his business strategy was in tune with the local culture, business practices and laws in Ukraine. Cultural Framework Ukraine is just a different animal, and because of the cultural differences between the two countries it is no wonder why Zhuk feels like a fish out of water (see Exhibit 1). There is a ridiculously high incentive received on who you know, or should I say, who you pay, and the government’s role in this pay for play game makes it that much more taxing- no pun intended. Americans may feel they echo- identically- this same sentiment with our eastern European friends, but be assured the U. S. is to be considered the minor leagues in comparison to these seasoned pro athletes. Ukraine has been in turmoil for some time now, namely since it claimed it’s independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Ukraine had its share of economic woes prior to this but since then, what was thought to become a land of economic prosperity has since become a melting pot of governmental mismanagement and corruption. This nation is the equivalent of a child growing up parentless, forced to find its own way in a world that is, sadly enough, full of individuals caught up in their own quest to emerge strong and triumphant. â€Å"The only starting point that could be used for reference is the nation’s historical identity, comprised of its language, culture, traditions, and family structure. One minor hindrance is that in today’s global environment of global influences, any nation, especially one who is in a period of economic transition, will have no clear vision when it comes to ethics. Unit 3of MGT 500 discusses some different approaches to arrive at ethical decision making. Of those presented, the Moral -Rights approach describes Zhuk’s behavior best, it states: †¢Moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them †¢An ethical decision is one that avoids interfering with the fundamental rights of others Dr. Simpson goes on to de fine the Six Moral Rights (see exhibit 2) . The challenge here is deciding when these rules apply. Is it fair for Zhuk to impose his cultural customs and moral standards on to the next party? The answer to such a question is the very thing that makes discussion about morals and ethics the song that doesn’t end. Individual Difference Communication Disconnect It appears that Zhuk should have spent more time establishing the corporate ethical values that his company would live by before entering the marketplace. The individual and ethical differences are made evident by the actions of Zhuk’s business partner Hnatyuk when the pair ran into trouble getting the phone lines established. Hnatyuk didn’t hesitate to give the telecom manager signal that they were willing to pay a bribe; Zhuk, uncomfortably obliged. It is clear that Hnatyuk and Zhuk are on two totally different wavelengths. Hnatyuk has been doing business in the country for six years and has a tandem amount of knowledge about how business is conducted. It seems as if he has embraced the way of paying government workers to more promptly administer permits and paperwork. Zhuk on the other hand, is ignorant of the inter-workings of the business environment. The lack of communication between the two partners further enhanced the complexity of the situation. Zhuk had no idea that a potential bribe was being paid until after he agreed and the money changed hands. Abuse of Power Another defining concept in this case is the use, and abuse of power in Ukraine. From the telecom company to the government tax officials, it is clear that entities use their position for their own personal gain, unfairly charging and taxing foreign investors. The bureaucrats, driven by their own greed, create very unfavorable investing conditions, repelling foreigners who are willing to invest money in Ukraine. The problem with the power structure in this country is that, while it is exerted in a coercive manner, it is not at all formal. see Exhibit 3 )Being a developing country, the policies and rules are very unclear if existent at all; mainly because no one, not even the government abides by them. This makes it hard for international businesses to defend themselves from this type of force, because it is unclear what rights they truly have. It becomes timely and ultimately costly figure out exactly what is lawful and defend one’s self from these activities. T he right to pursue due process should be innate, but, as in most developing countries, the judicial systems are highly politicized and the web of corruption entangles every member of the society. Recommendation Zhuk’s decision to pay a bribe in order to get phone service expedited may seem like a small price to pay but has sent out a major signal to the rest of the business community in Kiev. It is a symbol of his, though reluctant, acknowledgement of the way business is conducted in the country and his willingness to participate. As Djelic, one of the thought leaders who gave commentary on the article said, â€Å"†¦once you join that dance, the music never stops. † He went on to say that if Zhuk decided to pay off the tax officials, he may risk forfeiting business relationships and customers once word gets out. This, unfortunately, is part of the price of doing business in Kiev. At first glance it may appear that Zhuk should pack up his company and leave. After all, if we look at the model for three domains of human actions, the legal standards have the highest amount of explicit control over the process of decision making. (see exhibit 4). The law and the effects of it, will be the determining factors for Zhuk’s actions and starting point in the decision making process. Zhuk should ask himself â€Å"Is it legal? † Customer Strategy Solutions should stay, and continue to build its operations in Kiev. To answer the first question in the Decision Tree for Ethical Decisions (see Exhibit 5), we believe that Zhuk’s action were legal and in compliance with the Ukrainian law and with the U. S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The FCPA, endorsed in 1977, prohibits corrupt payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, while prohibiting bribery, offers protection for the company under its Permissible Payments and Affirmative Defenses Section. The FCPA permits â€Å"payment of small sums to facilitate routine, non-discretionary governmental functions†. This includes things like paying for phone service, issuance of permits and licenses, etc. It goes on to define â€Å"affirmative defenses† as permissible if â€Å"payment was lawful under the written laws of the foreign country or that the money was spent as part of demonstrating a product or performing a contractual obligation†10. In this case, the fee paid for speeding up the process of telephone lines installation and the unpaid taxes, both fall under this provision. Does this decision maximize the shareholder value? We can only speculate about this, since the case doesn’t provide us with information as to if Customer Strategy Solutions has public traded stock. But nevertheless, should we ignore the fact that there is certain future success for the company in Ukraine? According to the Ukrainian Software Developers Association, the Ukraine’s exports of IT-related services will double in the next two years. Customer Strategy Solutions is there at the right time, and should stay. The last and maybe most difficult question to answer on the decision tree is the ethical one. How do we answer the question â€Å"Is it ethical? Considering the complexity of various situations, and what moral values and beliefs are important, there are several different ethical decision models. (see Exhibit 6). The Utilitarian Approach best answers Zhuk’s dilemma: should he pay off the tax officials? While he might be acting against his moral standards, Zhuk will be doing greater good for the greatest number of people. (see Exhibit 7). Operating in Kiev, Customer Strategy Solutions will offer a certain number of jobs for Ukrainian programmers, provide good salaries and benefits for its employees, and improve their financial stability and help the Ukrainian economy. The Shakedown free essay sample This case portrays the widely propagated and accepted phenomena of bribes and corruption in developing countries. Specifically how it affects every sector of the Ukrainian society, therefore making it difficult for the American investors to establish companies there and to prosper solely on doing good business. The case describes the types of obstacles and ethical dilemmas being created for the investors as a result of bribery and extortion. Situation In analyzing these issues, we will first present a brief introduction to the situation. Mr. Pavlo Zhuk, a young, but already well established, entrepreneur from California, is faced with a difficult ethical business decision concerning his recently incorporated company in Kiev, Ukraine. His company, Customer Strategy Solutions, is being targeted for money extortion by UTA (Ukraine Tax Authority) officials. The UTA, represented by Laryssa Ossipivna Simonenko, claims that the company owes the government close to $16, 000 in taxes due to unfiled schedules . But this is not an ordinary visit from the UTA to his development center in Kiev. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shakedown or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Setting up his software development center in Ukraine means more to Zhuk than just business expansion to his company. He wants to make a difference. Zhuk, being himself of Ukrainian descent, sees this as an opportunity for him to invest in this country and therefore help its economy, to contribute to Ukrainian modernization by introducing new technology. He decides to train his employees in array of skills, to raise the standard of their living by providing higher salaries than the other local companies, to enable the people to buy homes, cars and consumer durables. But for Zhuk this is not the first difficulty he encountered since he started his company here. His first problem occurred when he tried to get telephone lines installed in his office. He learned firsthand how business is made in developing country, after his friend and head of the development center in Kiev, Kostya Hnatyuk, took him to Dnipro Telecom, a government-owned telecommunications utility. After meeting with Vasy l Feodorovich Mylofienko, a senior business manager at Dnipro Telecom, they were told that because of the current backlog of orders, it might take up to three years for the lines to be installed. But for a onetime fee of $5,000, they can have the software center up and running next week. 1 It was clear to Zhuk at that moment that they need to bribe Mylofienko. And although such action is in direct contradiction with Zhuk’s moral beliefs, for the sake of his company and the programmers he already hired, he decides to make that call. Zhuk realizes that if he wants to keep his company in Ukraine and to generate profit in the future, he needs to keep compromising his ethical values. He knows that it is a never-ending process, and once he bribes a government official, more will follow. All this consequently leads Zhuk to the crossroads of decision making; should he stay true to his moral beliefs, close his company and return to the United States, or, should he stay in Ukraine, pay off the bureaucrats, and therefore walk over all ethical values he has? II. Analysis In this case the dilemma facing Zhuk is harshly straight forward and evident, but the yarns that weave together to create this mess of a fabric are quite complex. Like most situations where ethics are brought under fire the lines are blurred, and a host of factors can contribute. Ethical Landscape Let’s start by acknowledging the fact that Zhuk, while having Ukrainian blood running through his veins, is inevitably American. He must realize that mere good will is not enough to sustain one’s self let alone an organization when faced with the pressures of maneuvering in an environment he is far removed from and out of touch with. After all, Zhuk is the product of parents who fled the chaos of Ukraine post World War II and embraced, with arms wide open, the culture and values of Mid-western United States. These were people who longed to be free of the ills that lay before their country and strived to expose their children to anything but. Zhuk was born into a comfortable life in California watching parents who eagerly modeled American values, was educated at the best American schools, worked for the best American technology firms, and thus learned and was comfortable with conducting business the American way. Zhuk did a poor job recognizing these differences within himself and the environment in Kiev. In Unit 2 of our management course one of the topics discussed was cultural differences and IQ, Zhuk made the ill-founded assumption that because his lineage traced back to Ukraine, he was connected to and understood the business environment. He couldn’t have been more wrong. It is only reasonable that any investor interested in starting a company in a developing nation to research and investigate the business landscape in such an unfamiliar terrain before opening up operations there. This is beneficial, as it will provide the prospective investor with important information about the business environment and practices. In particular, an investor should analyze the labor market, examine the costs of founding a company and consider the possible business ethics challenges. In our case, Zhuk needed to make certain his business strategy was in tune with the local culture, business practices and laws in Ukraine. Cultural Framework Ukraine is just a different animal, and because of the cultural differences between the two countries it is no wonder why Zhuk feels like a fish out of water (see Exhibit 1). There is a ridiculously high incentive received on who you know, or should I say, who you pay, and the government’s role in this pay for play game makes it that much more taxing- no pun intended. Americans may feel they echo- identically- this same sentiment with our eastern European friends, but be assured the U. S. is to be considered the minor leagues in comparison to these seasoned pro athletes. Ukraine has been in turmoil for some time now, namely since it claimed it’s independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Ukraine had its share of economic woes prior to this but since then, what was thought to become a land of economic prosperity has since become a melting pot of governmental mismanagement and corruption. This nation is the equivalent of a child growing up parentless, forced to find its own way in a world that is, sadly enough, full of individuals caught up in their own quest to emerge strong and triumphant. â€Å"The only starting point that could be used for reference is the nation’s historical identity, comprised of its language, culture, traditions, and family structure. One minor hindrance is that in today’s global environment of global influences, any nation, especially one who is in a period of economic transition, will have no clear vision when it comes to ethics. Unit 3of MGT 500 discusses some different approaches to arrive at ethical decision making. Of those presented, the Moral -Rights approach describes Zhuk’s behavior best, it states: †¢Moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them †¢An ethical decision is one that avoids interfering with the fundamental rights of others Dr. Simpson goes on to de fine the Six Moral Rights (see exhibit 2) . The challenge here is deciding when these rules apply. Is it fair for Zhuk to impose his cultural customs and moral standards on to the next party? The answer to such a question is the very thing that makes discussion about morals and ethics the song that doesn’t end. Individual Difference Communication Disconnect It appears that Zhuk should have spent more time establishing the corporate ethical values that his company would live by before entering the marketplace. The individual and ethical differences are made evident by the actions of Zhuk’s business partner Hnatyuk when the pair ran into trouble getting the phone lines established. Hnatyuk didn’t hesitate to give the telecom manager signal that they were willing to pay a bribe; Zhuk, uncomfortably obliged. It is clear that Hnatyuk and Zhuk are on two totally different wavelengths. Hnatyuk has been doing business in the country for six years and has a tandem amount of knowledge about how business is conducted. It seems as if he has embraced the way of paying government workers to more promptly administer permits and paperwork. Zhuk on the other hand, is ignorant of the inter-workings of the business environment. The lack of communication between the two partners further enhanced the complexity of the situation. Zhuk had no idea that a potential bribe was being paid until after he agreed and the money changed hands. Abuse of Power Another defining concept in this case is the use, and abuse of power in Ukraine. From the telecom company to the government tax officials, it is clear that entities use their position for their own personal gain, unfairly charging and taxing foreign investors. The bureaucrats, driven by their own greed, create very unfavorable investing conditions, repelling foreigners who are willing to invest money in Ukraine. The problem with the power structure in this country is that, while it is exerted in a coercive manner, it is not at all formal. see Exhibit 3 )Being a developing country, the policies and rules are very unclear if existent at all; mainly because no one, not even the government abides by them. This makes it hard for international businesses to defend themselves from this type of force, because it is unclear what rights they truly have. It becomes timely and ultimately costly figure out exactly what is lawful and defend one’s self from these activities. T he right to pursue due process should be innate, but, as in most developing countries, the judicial systems are highly politicized and the web of corruption entangles every member of the society. Recommendation Zhuk’s decision to pay a bribe in order to get phone service expedited may seem like a small price to pay but has sent out a major signal to the rest of the business community in Kiev. It is a symbol of his, though reluctant, acknowledgement of the way business is conducted in the country and his willingness to participate. As Djelic, one of the thought leaders who gave commentary on the article said, â€Å"†¦once you join that dance, the music never stops. † He went on to say that if Zhuk decided to pay off the tax officials, he may risk forfeiting business relationships and customers once word gets out. This, unfortunately, is part of the price of doing business in Kiev. At first glance it may appear that Zhuk should pack up his company and leave. After all, if we look at the model for three domains of human actions, the legal standards have the highest amount of explicit control over the process of decision making. (see exhibit 4). The law and the effects of it, will be the determining factors for Zhuk’s actions and starting point in the decision making process. Zhuk should ask himself â€Å"Is it legal? † Customer Strategy Solutions should stay, and continue to build its operations in Kiev. To answer the first question in the Decision Tree for Ethical Decisions (see Exhibit 5), we believe that Zhuk’s action were legal and in compliance with the Ukrainian law and with the U. S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The FCPA, endorsed in 1977, prohibits corrupt payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, while prohibiting bribery, offers protection for the company under its Permissible Payments and Affirmative Defenses Section. The FCPA permits â€Å"payment of small sums to facilitate routine, non-discretionary governmental functions†. This includes things like paying for phone service, issuance of permits and licenses, etc. It goes on to define â€Å"affirmative defenses† as permissible if â€Å"payment was lawful under the written laws of the foreign country or that the money was spent as part of demonstrating a product or performing a contractual obligation†10. In this case, the fee paid for speeding up the process of telephone lines installation and the unpaid taxes, both fall under this provision. Does this decision maximize the shareholder value? We can only speculate about this, since the case doesn’t provide us with information as to if Customer Strategy Solutions has public traded stock. But nevertheless, should we ignore the fact that there is certain future success for the company in Ukraine? According to the Ukrainian Software Developers Association, the Ukraine’s exports of IT-related services will double in the next two years. Customer Strategy Solutions is there at the right time, and should stay. The last and maybe most difficult question to answer on the decision tree is the ethical one. How do we answer the question â€Å"Is it ethical? Considering the complexity of various situations, and what moral values and beliefs are important, there are several different ethical decision models. (see Exhibit 6). The Utilitarian Approach best answers Zhuk’s dilemma: should he pay off the tax officials? While he might be acting against his moral standards, Zhuk will be doing greater good for the greatest number of people. (see Exhibit 7). Operating in Kiev, Customer Strategy Solutions will offer a certain number of jobs for Ukrainian programmers, provide good salaries and benefits for its employees, and improve their financial stability and help the Ukrainian economy.